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When making an investment, people need to think about the risks as well as the profits. The economic and political dangers that loom over the global financial sphere frighten many professionals. Now the investor needs to put aside the pursuit of high returns and focus on capital preservation.
Key investment risks of 2021
Last year completely turned the idea of investment activity upside down. If earlier the average depositor was concerned about profit, now his primary task is to save money. Most assets carry serious dangers, which are heightened by trade wars and the winding down of the U.S. quantitative easing program.
As a result of these and many other events, bond markets have lost some of their value. As a rule, it is these securities that show enviable consistency, but this time the situation has changed significantly. If we look at the emerging market indices, we can see how the index has declined by 4-6% over the year. Russia is also considered to be an emerging market, and there has been a serious decline in the share of foreign investors within the country.
The biggest losses were suffered by holders of securities of Turkey and Argentina. Indicators of these countries fell by 27 and 16 percent respectively, after which many investors rushed to withdraw their remaining funds from government bonds.
In order not to lose your capital and maximize your earnings on it, it is worth outlining the key risks. The year 2021 marks three dangers to avoid while making investments:
- Trade wars between the major nations of the world. In particular, America’s and China’s differences, which significantly affect the global economy, must be taken into account here. Increased taxes on imports of foreign products reduce the profits of enterprises and create difficulties with the purchase of necessary materials. As a result, not only import-export companies suffer, but also the economy of an entire state.
- Rising interest rates in America could be another complication for developing countries. Public debt is accumulated in U.S. dollars, and the strengthening of this monetary unit will mean more debt for many powers. In addition, the fall of other currencies against the USD will provoke an increase in prices for the population and a corresponding drop in living standards.
- Political tensions in European countries are also affecting the global economy. The value of the euro currency affects the relative value of other monetary units, and the economic situation of European states has a direct impact on the affairs of partner countries.
Against the background of large public debt and tightening monetary policy of the European Central Bank, the financial situation in these countries is deteriorating. By far the biggest threat to the EU economy is Italy, which is over 300 billion euros in debt.
A proper valuation of an investment should include all of the above risks. In addition, Russians should pay attention to the sanctions imposed by Europe and America. Political bans can significantly affect the economy and exacerbate existing problems.
How to preserve capital in integrity by making investments?
Every capital holder wants to make safe investments, but in the present conditions it is not so easy to organize such an investment. Most financial instruments have too high risks, while others offer paltry earnings that barely cover inflationary levels.
Increased market volatility creates additional obstacles to building a profitable portfolio, so many capital holders are looking at bank deposits. Large and reliable financial corporations offer up to 8% per annum in rubles. At the same time, the promised inflation rate is about 4-5%. Taking this into account, the owner of the deposit will keep his money, but will not actually earn anything. People who intend to multiply their savings are not satisfied with this option and look for other ways to invest.
People’s OFZs offer slightly higher yields and fixed coupon income. The average yield on three-year CBs is 8.5% per annum. However, you can only earn money after the specified period of time has expired. If the investor needs the money immediately, they will lose interest accruals and have to pay double brokerage fees.
Buying people’s bonds works well in conjunction with registering an individual investment account. The user gets a guaranteed profit due to the tax deduction, but the amount of the deposit is limited to one million rubles.
Conservative investors are encouraged to allocate their portfolio between OFZs, stocks and bonds in the ratio of 40, 30 and 20 percent. It is recommended that most of the funds be allocated to federal loans, as these are considered the safest financial assets. Acquiring shares of local or foreign corporations is not entirely safe, but such CBs allow for increased profits if successful.
Investments with minimal risk will not bring big earnings, so the investor will have to choose between high-yielding and safe assets. By grouping their portfolio, a person will decide on key objectives and accordingly determine the appropriate level of risk.
